Quaternary Period In subject area: Earth and Planetary Sciences The Quaternary Period is defined as the most recent geologic era spanning the last 2.6 million years, divided into the Pleistocene and …

Quaternary Science Advances (QSA) is an international and fully Open Access journal supporting the rapid publication of peer-reviewed original research articles, short communications and review …

Quaternary Environments and Humans (QEH) is the full Open Access, official journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA). The journal aims to publish peer reviewed papers under …

Quaternary International is an international, peer-reviewed journal that embraces all aspects related to Quaternary Science. It is the official journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research …

Quaternary During the past 2 million years, climatic fluctuations of dry glacial and wet interglacial periods affected the geographic ranges of both temperate and tropical areas. Palynological sequences …

Dec 5, 2022 · Quaternary ammonium agents, a class of organic cationic salts of substituted ammonium compounds [1], exist widely in nature, such as acetylcholine 1, betaine 2, and levocarnitine 3 (Fig. 1). …

Sep 1, 2025 · Creating all-carbon quaternary centers remains a formidable challenge in synthetic organic chemistry, despite their widespread occurrence in natural products, particularly in polycyclic …

Quaternary Structure A complex composed of multiple protein chains (subunits) is defined as a quaternary structure, also called a multimer, or biological assembly. Many proteins form their …

May 15, 2025 · The quaternary ammonium group provides permanent positive charge, which is an ideal candidate for constructing the high PCD of membrane surface [[33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38]]. …

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