In the case of lead-208—the heaviest stable isotope known so far—a team of researchers led by physicist Jack Henderson ...

the electron from each atom feels an attraction from the proton in the other atom's nucleus. This attraction pulls the atoms together. The electrons end up being shared by the atoms in a region around ...

Since this atom has a total of eight electrons, it also has eight protons. The atom with eight protons in its nucleus (atomic number 8) is oxygen. Each energy level holds a certain number of electrons ...

It also tells us that chlorine has 18 neutrons (35 - 17) and, as the number of electrons and protons are equal in a neutral atom, chlorine also has 17 electrons. The relative mass of a nucleus is ...

The nucleus is very small compared to the atom as a whole: as electrons are even smaller, most of an atom is empty space the diameter of a nucleus can be 100,000 times less than the diameter of an ...

An atom becomes radioactive when its nucleus contains too many or too few neutrons. Try to keep the same number of neutrons and protons as you build your atom. If the imbalance is too great ...

For decades, atomic clocks have been the pinnacle of precision timekeeping, enabling GPS navigation, cutting-edge physics ...

The difference, though, lies in the hydrogen atoms. In ordinary water, each hydrogen atom has just a single proton in its nucleus. In heavy water, each hydrogen atom is indeed heavier, with a ...

The IAEA's NUCLEUS information resource portal provides access to over 100 scientific, technical and regulatory resources, including databases, applications, publications and training material. As it ...

When this happens, an electron in the beryllium atom combines with a proton in its nucleus, producing a neutron. This transforms the beryllium atom into lithium, producing a kick of energy that ...